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To cut through some of this confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code which represents ownership of an electronic concept sort of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.

The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, like a bank or payment gateway. It's made and kept electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, for example dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the world, using free software.

It was the very first example of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset category that shares some features of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.

A pseudonymous software programmer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment system based on mathematical proof. The idea was to produce a means of exchange, independent of any central power, which may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable manner.

Bitcoin can be used to pay for things electronically, if the two parties are willing. In that sense, its similar to conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that can also be traded digitally.

Bitcoins most important characteristic is that it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It's maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run through an open network of dedicated servers spread around the globe. This attracts individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with all the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .

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Bitcoin solves the dual spending issue of electronic currencies (in which digital assets can readily be copied and re-used) through an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. Together with bitcoin, the integrity of these transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .

Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have imp source an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to others. Holders of this currency (and notably citizens with little alternative) keep the price.

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With bitcoin, on the other hand, the supply is tightly controlled by the underlying algorithm. A small number of new bitcoins trickle out every hour, and will continue to do so at a diminishing rate until a maximum of 21 million has been reached. This makes bitcoin more attractive as an asset in theory, if demand grows and the supply remains the same, the value will increase. .

While senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to comply with anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in theory operate in semi-anonymity. Since there is no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all previous transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin as well as the ability to send them.

In practice, every user is identified with the address of their wallet. Transactions can, with some effort, be tracked this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify users if necessary.

Additionally, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their clients before they are allowed to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another manner that bitcoin utilization can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the progress of a particular transaction is visible to all.

This is because there's absolutely no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. If a transaction is listed on the network, and if greater than an hour has passed, it's not possible to modify.

While this may disquiet some, it will mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.

The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, about one hundredth of a cent. This could conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.

Read to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be utilized for, in addition to how you can purchase, sell and save your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, as well as how its underlying technology the blockchain works. .

Bitcoin is a digital currency, also known as a cryptocurrency. It was invented in 2008 with an anonymous person or group named Satoshi Nakamoto.